Natural person
A human being (a natural person) or a juristic person. A juristic person is an entity, such as a corporation, that is recognized as having a legal personality, i.e., it has legal rights and duties distinct from those of the individuals who comprise it [Law, p. 231].
An entity, such as a corporation, is recognized as having legal personality, i.e., capable of enjoying and being subject to legal rights and duties. It contrasts with a human being, referred to as a natural [Law, p. 233]. Legal personality is principally an acknowledgment that an entity can exercise certain rights and be subject to specific duties on its account under a particular system of law. In municipal systems, the individual human being is the archetypal “person” of the law, but certain entities, such as limited companies or public corporations, are granted a personality distinct from the individuals who create them) [Law, p. 230]. Legal personality is the possession of the capacities to contract, sue and be sued, and hold property in a person’s own right and name. Most human beings have such capacity, although not in all circumstances (e.g., infancy). corporations, including companies, usually have legal capacity conferred on them by the process of incorporation (or registration) under the statute [Mann, p. 229].
Law, J. (2018). A Dictionary of Finance and Banking (6 ed.) Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Law, J. (2022). A Dictionary of Law (10 ed.) Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mann, T. (Ed.) (2017). Australian Law Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.