Ferromagnetism
1. Ferromagnetism is a kind of magnetism that is associated with iron, cobalt, nickel, and some alloys or compounds containing one or more of these elements.
2. Ferromagnetism is a unique magnetic behaviour that is exhibited by certain materials such as iron, cobalt, alloys, etc.
Ferromagnetism is a kind of magnetism that is associated with iron, cobalt, nickel, and some alloys or compounds containing one or more of these elements. It also occurs in gadolinium and a few other rare-earth elements. In contrast to other substances, ferromagnetic materials are magnetized easily, and in strong magnetic fields the magnetization approaches a definite limit called saturation. When a field is applied and then removed, the magnetization does not return to its original value – this phenomenon is referred to as hysteresis (q.v.). When heated to a certain temperature called the Curie point (q.v.), which is different for each substance, ferromagnetic materials lose their characteristic properties and cease to be magnetic; however, they become ferromagnetic again on cooling.
The magnetism in ferromagnetic materials is caused by the alignment patterns of their constituent atoms, which act as elementary electromagnets. Ferromagnetism is explained by the concept that some species of atoms possess a magnetic moment – that is, that such an atom itself is an elementary electromagnet produced by the motion of electrons about its nucleus and by the spin of its electrons on their own axes.
Словник Webster's Dictionary https://www.merriam-webster.com/
Science News For Students https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/
Britannica https://www.britannica.com/science/