Ideal Gas

An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of many point-like particles that do not interact with each other except for perfectly elastic collisions. These particles are assumed to have zero volume, no internal energy, and no intermolecular forces. In addition, an ideal gas is considered to be in thermodynamic equilibrium, meaning it is at a constant temperature and pressure.
The behavior of an ideal gas can be described by the ideal gas law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. This equation demonstrates that the pressure and volume are inversely proportional for a given amount of gas at a constant temperature.
The ideal gas law is a beneficial model for understanding the behavior of gasses in many situations, such as the behavior of gasses in the atmosphere and combustion engines. However, it is important to note that the ideal gas law only approximates the behavior of real gasses and is not accurate for high pressures, low temperatures, or when the gas is not at thermodynamic equilibrium. In summary, an ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of many point-like particles that do not interact with each other except for perfectly elastic collisions. It is considered to be in thermodynamic equilibrium. The behavior of an ideal gas can be described by the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, which states that for a given amount of gas at a constant temperature, the pressure and volume are inversely proportional to each other [Wikipedia].
The ideal gas law can be derived from the kinetic theory of gasses and relies on the assumptions that the gas consists of a large number of molecules, which are in random motion and obey Newton’s laws of motion, the volume of the molecules is negligibly small compared with the volume occupied by the gas. No forces act on the molecules except during elastic collisions of negligible duration [Encyclopædia Britannica].

Ideal gas, also called perfect gas, conforms, in physical behavior, to a particular idealized relation between pressure, volume, and temperature called the ideal, or general, gas law. This law is a generalization containing both Boyle’s law and Charles’s law as special cases and states that for a specified quantity of gas, the product of the volume V and pressure P is proportional to the absolute temperature T; i.e., in equation form, PV = kT, in which k is a constant. Such a relation for a substance is called its equation of state and is sufficient to describe its gross behavior.

Sources:

Ideal Gas Law. Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law

Ideal Gas. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/science/ideal-gas