Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is set of computational services and resources that are carried by servers and are provided to end-users through the Internet. The resources may include hardware space (Google Drive), run highly intense apps such as machine learning (Google Collab) or other applications that are inconvenient to run on individual computers. All these resources and processes provided to the end-users are called “the cloud.” In about any website, such as social networking sites or software-as-a-service, there is one or more servers serving its needs. [1, 1-2]
Clouds run on specially designed computers known as servers. They are designed to handle large data traffic and are equipped with significantly superior hardware: random access memory that spans hundreds of gigabytes, and storage possessing terabytes of space. Servers almost exclusively run Linux distributes (Debian, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Ubuntu Server, etc.) Often multiple servers are chained together in a single service through virtualisation to unite their common resources. A robust example of inter-server communication and on-demand virtualisation is GitHub Codespaces.
GitHub Docs. GitHub Codespaces Overview. Retrieved from https://docs.github.com/en/codespaces/overview
M. R. Nelson (2009). The Cloud, the Crowd, and Public Policy. Issues in Science and Technology, 25(4), 71–76. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/43314918
M. Boniface (2010). Platform-as-a-Service Architecture for Real-Time Quality of Service Management in Clouds. 5th International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (ICIW). Barcelona, Spain: IEEE.