Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR)
A Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) is a designated airspace where normal flight activities are restricted or prohibited for a specific period. TFRs are established by aviation authorities or relevant agencies to enhance aviation safety or to protect specific events, activities, or locations.
Examples of some common reasons for implementing TFRs:
· Special Events: TFRs may be established around events such as airshows, parades, or major sporting events to ensure the safety of participants and spectators.
· Emergency Situations: TFRs are often put in place during emergency situations, such as natural disasters (hurricanes, wildfires) or industrial accidents, to facilitate emergency response efforts.
· Wildfires: TFRs are frequently implemented around active wildfires to provide a safe operating environment for firefighting aircraft.
· VIP Movement: TFRs can be established to secure the airspace when high-profile individuals, such as the President, are traveling.
TFRs are typically defined by specific geographical coordinates and altitudes. Pilots are required to adhere to these restrictions, and violating a TFR can result in serious consequences, including fines or legal action. TFR information is disseminated to pilots through official channels, including NOTAMs (Notice to Airmen), and is also often available through aviation apps and websites.
Hamann, M. (2023). Temporary Flight Restrictions│ Super Bowl 57-Developed by: Michael Hamann, FAA For: Super Bowl 57 Industry Stakeholders.
Gerard, D. P. (2014). Visualizing Sporting Event Temporary Flight Restrictions (Doctoral dissertation, University of Southern California).
Zuschlag, M. (2005). Violations of temporary flight restrictions and air defense identification zones: An analysis of airspace violations and pilot report data.