Analysis method
Linguistic analysis methods are a set of various methods of analysis of language material, with the help of which knowledge is formed about the regularities of the functioning of language or speech [Алексенко, p.5]. Three analysis methods are distinguished: semantic, communicative-functional, and cognitive. Each of these methods also includes methods of analysis.
The component analysis is part of semantic analysis. It has become increasingly widespread on a purely linguistic basis – paradigmatic and syntagmatic (distributive). Its essence consists of splitting a word's meaning into elementary semantic components (sems) to describe the semantic aspect of meaningful language units. According to these components, words differ from each other or are combined [Алексенко, p.14]. Also, the method of semantic analysis includes contextual analysis – a set of procedures aimed at establishing the status of the text about other texts and its significance in the sociocultural context [Алексенко, p.21].
The methods of communicative and functional analysis include conversation analysis and discourse analysis. The first is a method of studying oral dialogic communication, one of the most challenging types of language communication to analyze. This is a set of procedures for empirical research of interactions of dialogic spoken speech [Алексенко, p.23]. The basis of discourse analysis is the concept of interaction, social interaction. Discourse analysis and discourse analysis as a method and a scientific discipline, respectively, embody the general direction of research on speech communication as a complex, multidimensional object that should be studied comprehensively from different angles [Алексенко, p.30].
The method of cognitive analysis includes conceptual analysis – it is the primary method of logical analysis of language and cognitive linguistics, which involves the modeling and description of concepts [Селіванова, p.262]; cognitive analysis is a search for those common concepts that are combined under one sign and determine the existence of a sign as a known cognitive structure. It appears as a logical continuation of semantic analysis [Алексенко, p.34].
Алексенко, С. Ф. (2020). Конкретно-наукові методи лінгвістичних досліджень: методичні рекомендації для студентів 1 курсу магістратури факультету іноземної та слов’янської філології. Суми: Видавництво СумДПУ імені А.С. Макаренка.
Селіванова, О. О. (2006). Сучасна лінгвістика: термінологічна енциклопедія. Полтава: Докілля-К.