Descriptive method
The descriptive method is the identification and finding of all language units, their features, and functions. This method accurately and clearly describes the units of language, such as words, morphemes, phonemes, and constructions, and also studies the functioning of language. The descriptive method has 3 consecutive stages:
- selection of units of analysis (phonemes, morphemes, lexemes, constructions, etc.);
- segmentation of selected units (secondary segmentation): division of sentences into phrases, phrases into word forms, word forms into morphemes, morphemes into phonemes, phonemes into differential signs;
- classification and interpretation of selected units [Загорійчук, Орловська].
Its purpose is to provide an accurate and complete description of language units. The essence of the method is the inventory and systematization of language units [Кочерган, p.12]. The descriptive method uses techniques of external and internal interpretation [Загорійчук, Орловська]. It can be attributed to both structural and functional methods based on the principle of synchronous description [Петрасова, Хайрова, p.17]. All linguists do not single out the descriptive method since the description of structures, features of linguistic units, and characteristics of linguistic phenomena are also used in other methods [Селіванова, p.63].
Загорійчук, А., Орловська, О. В. Методи лінгвістичних досліджень. Retrieved from: http://intkonf.org/zagoriychuk-a-kpn-orlovska-ov-metodi-lingvistichnih-doslidzhen
Кочерган, М. П. (2001). Вступ до мовознавства. Київ: ВЦ “Академія”.
Петрасова, С. В., Хайрова, Н. Ф. (2020). Сучасні інформаційні технології в лінгвістиці. Харків: ФОП Панов А.М.
Селіванова, О. О. (2008). Сучасна лінгвістика: напрями та проблеми. Полтава: Докілля-К.
Григорчук, Т. В. (2007). Маркетинг. Частина друга. Київ: Університет “Україна”. Retrieved from: https://sites.google.com/site/marketingdistance/%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0-2/2-5-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8-%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83-%D0%BF%D0%B5